AKTU Digital Image Processing (KEC071) Question Paper 2024-25

Note: Attempt all Sections. In case of any missing data; choose suitably.

Section A

Q1. Attempt all questions in brief · 2 × 10 = 20 marks

1. Differentiate between a grayscale image and a binary image.
2. Define quantization and its effect on image quality.
3. Define unsharp masking and its application.
4. What is the purpose of bandpass filtering.
5. Mention any two properties of the Fourier Transform.
6. Mention one advantage and one limitation of the DST.
7. Define the term "redundancy".
8. What is run-length encoding (RLE) and where is it used?
9. Define the principle of edge detection in image segmentation.
10. What is a "seed point" in region-growing techniques?

Section B

Q2. Attempt any three of the following · 10 × 3 = 20 marks

1. Enlist various fundamental steps in Digital Image Processing with neat block diagram.
2. Describe the concept of image smoothing using spatial domain techniques. Include examples of low-pass filters.
3. What is Haar Transform? Write the procedure to determine the Haar transformation matrix.
4. Explain the MPEG video compression standard and its application in multimedia systems.
5. What is the Hough Transform used for in image processing? What types of shapes can be detected using the Hough Transform?

Section C

Q3

Attempt any one part of the following · 10 × 1 = 10 marks

1. Explain the structure and usage of common image file formats, such as JPEG, PNG, BMP, and TIFF. Highlight the advantages and limitations of each.
2. Describe the digital halftone process and its significance in image representation for printing and display.

Q4

Attempt any one part of the following · 10 × 1 = 10 marks

1. Explain histogram-based techniques for image enhancement. Illustrate with examples how histogram equalization enhances image quality.
2. Define image restoration and explain its role. Discuss the different types of image degradations.

Q5

Attempt any one part of the following · 10 × 1 = 10 marks

1. What is Hadamard transform? Explain in detail and Write its properties.
2. Explain the Karhunen-Loève Transform and its significance in image compression. Discuss its advantages.

Q6

Attempt any one part of the following · 10 × 1 = 10 marks

1. Differentiate between lossless and lossy compression techniques with suitable examples.
2. Explain the working of Huffman coding as a lossless compression algorithm with an example.

Q7

Attempt any one part of the following · 10 × 1 = 10 marks

1. What is the region-growing technique in image segmentation? How is the seed point selected in the region-growing algorithm?
2. Define thresholding. What is the difference between global and adaptive thresholding?

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