AKTU Natural Language Processing (BCAI052) Question Paper 2024-25

Note: Attempt all Sections. In case of any missing data; choose suitably.

Section A

Q1. Attempt all questions in brief · 2 × 7 = 14 marks

1. Write various limitation of natural language Processing.
2. Differentiate between top down and bottom-up parsers.
3. Discuss the concept of Knowledge Representation and Knowledge Base.
4. What are the limitations of Probabilistic Context-Free Grammars (PCFGs)?
5. Write the concept of Phonetics and list out their main branches.
6. Discuss the applications of filter bank methods in speech signal processing
7. What does discourse planning involve?

Section B

Q2. Attempt any three of the following · 7 × 3 = 7 marks

1. Explain Add-k smoothing and discuss different methods for evaluating N-grams.
2. Provide an algorithm for a basic top-down parser with an illustrative example.
3. Describe the thesaurus-based and distributional word similarity methods, along with the advantages of each.
4. Explain the concept of Digital Signal Processing in detail.
5. Elucidate the concepts of parallelization and batch processing techniques, and subsequently compare both methodologies in the context of Natural Language Processing (NLP)?

Section C

Q3

Attempt any one part of the following · 7 × 1 = 7 marks

1. Provide a pseudo-code algorithm for parsing a finite-state transducer and explain it with an example.
2. What is Zipf's Law, and how is it applied in Natural Language Processing (NLP)

Q4

Attempt any one part of the following · 7 × 1 = 7 marks

1. Explain Augmented Grammars and Lexicon in the context of NLP.
2. For the CFGs given: S → NP VP VP → V NP NP → Det N Draw the shift-reduce parser in processing the sentence The woman saw a puppy Use the following lexical entries to create the chart parser. The | a: Det woman | puppy: N saw : V

Q5

Attempt any one part of the following · 7 × 1 = 7 marks

1. Explain the different relationships between word senses. Additionally, discuss the various knowledge sources used in Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD).
2. Explain the concept of Thematic Roles for semantic analysis along with their application.

Q6

Attempt any one part of the following · 7 × 1 = 7 marks

1. Explain the vowels, semi vowels, diphthongs and consonants in respect of Speech recognition system.
2. Explain the Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) method in speech processing? How does LPC model speech signals, and what benefits does it offer in speech analysis and synthesis?

Q7

Attempt any one part of the following · 7 × 1 = 7 marks

1. Explain hidden Markov model with Baum-Welch parameter re- estimation. Also elaborate on its implementation issues.
2. Illustrate the concept and process of Chatbots in detail with any example.

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