AKTU Natural Language Processing (KOE088) Question Paper 2024-25

Note: Attempt all Sections. In case of any missing data; choose suitably.

Section A

Q1. Attempt all questions in brief · 2 × 10 = 20 marks

1. What is Natural Language Processing (NLP)? Write the applications of NLP.
2. Write the phases of Natural Language Processing.
3. Write the key steps used for normalizing textual data in NLP.
4. What are the techniques used for text representation and text embedding in NLP.
5. Provide an example of how a regular expression can be used in NLP for text pattern matching.
6. Differentiate between NLU and NLP.
7. What is natural language understanding (NLU)? Write the applications of NLU.
8. Write some challenges of NLU.
9. What is Pre-Trained Language Models? Write deep learning techniques used for NLP.
10. How does natural language understanding work?

Section B

Q2. Attempt any three of the following · 10 × 3 = 30 marks

1. What do you mean by knowledge representation? Discuss about the semantics and knowledge representation in NLP.
2. Define lexical semantics and give an example of how it influences sentence meaning.
3. What do you mean by semantics? Discuss about the components and elements of semantic analysis.
4. What are the basic units of semantic system? Discuss about the techniques used for semantic analysis.
5. What is Machine Translation (MT)? What are the components of MT? write some applications of MT.

Section C

Q3

Attempt any one part of the following · 10 × 1 = 10 marks

1. What is Augmented Grammars? Why use Augmented Grammars in NLP? Discuss in detail.
2. What is Parsing? Differentiate between Top Down and Bottom Up parsing. Write the advantages and disadvantages of Top Down and Bottom Up parsing used in NLP.

Q4

Attempt any one part of the following · 10 × 1 = 10 marks

1. What are Augmented Transition Networks? How ATNs work? Write advantages and applications of ATN.
2. What is morphological analysis? What are the techniques used in morphological analysis for NLP? Write importance and applications of morphological analysis.

Q5

Attempt any one part of the following · 10 × 1 = 10 marks

1. What is Context-Free Grammars (CFGs)? Discuss about the different types of grammars used in NLP.
2. What is an Auxiliary Verb? Discuss about the different types of Auxiliary Verbs. How to use Auxiliary Verbs explain with the help of an example?

Q6

Attempt any one part of the following · 10 × 1 = 10 marks

1. What do you mean by ambiguity and uncertainty in human language? Discuss about the major challenges of NLP.
2. What are the statistics used for NLP? Discuss about the various Neural Network models used for NLP.

Q7

Attempt any one part of the following · 10 × 1 = 10 marks

1. What are Probabilistic Models? What are the different types of Probabilistic Models? Write importance and applications of Probabilistic Models.
2. Define Probabilistic Context Free Grammar (PCFG). Write CKY parsing algorithm. How to calculate the probability of a parse tree in PCFG?

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